充电设施是"大电流+户外+无人值守"三重考验叠加的场景。国标GB/T 18487.1对传导充电系统的安全提出了系统要求，线束作为载流核心，这四件事必须做对。
Charging infrastructure combines high current, outdoor exposure and unattended operation. GB/T 18487.1 governs safety; here are the four things harnesses must get right.
1. 温升控制：接点的隐形战场1. Temperature rise: the hidden battlefield
满功率充电时每个连接点都在发热。标准要求可触及部位温升不超限值（金属件在环境温度基础上+50K量级，具体以标准条款为准）。设计上：线径留足余量、压接电阻控制（毫欧级）、端子与母排连接处防氧化处理，并留散热空间。温升不合格是桩企返修的头号原因。
Every joint heats at full power. Standards limit accessible surface temperature rise (on the order of +50K for metal). Oversize conductors, keep crimp resistance at milliohm level, protect busbar joints from oxidation. Thermal failures are the top warranty issue.
2. 载流与余量：按最大持续工况设计2. Current rating and margin
按最大持续输出电流（而非标称）选线径，高温环境（暴晒桩体内部可达60℃+）要按温度降额曲线修正。多回路共用线槽时再叠加互热效应。
Size by maximum continuous output, derated for hot enclosures (60°C+ in sun-baked piles) and mutual heating in shared raceways.
3. EMC与信号完整3. EMC and signal integrity
功率模块开关噪声会干扰CP（控制导引）信号与通信回路。功率线屏蔽+信号双绞分开走线；CP检测线、CAN/PLC通信线远离功率回路，必要时独立屏蔽。GB/T 18487体系下还有整套EMC测试等着整机。
Switching noise disturbs CP and communication loops. Shield power runs, twist and separate CP/CAN/PLC lines, and expect full EMC testing at system level.
4. 耐候与机械防护4. Weathering and mechanical protection
户外桩线束注意紫外、湿热、盐雾（沿海）；充电枪线缆经受每天数百次拖拽弯曲，要用高柔性耐低温护套（-40℃不开裂），枪头内部线束做应力释放设计。防护等级按整机IP要求配套。
Outdoor runs face UV, humidity and salt spray; gun cables endure hundreds of daily drag-cycles and need flexible, cold-crack-resistant jackets (-40°C) with strain relief at the head.